| Sultanate of Oman
سلطنة عُمان (Arabic)
Salṭanat ʻUmān | |
|---|---|
Anthem: نشيد السلام السلطاني
"as-Salām as-Sultānī" "Sultanic Salutation" | |
.svg)
Location of Oman in the Arabian Peninsula (Red)
| |
_-_OMN_-_UNOCHA.svg) | |
| Capital and largest city | Muscat 23°36′N 58°33′E |
| Official languages | Arabic |
| Religion | Islam (Ibadi) |
| Demonym | Omani |
| Government | Unitaryparliamentaryabsolute monarchy |
• Sultan
| Qaboos bin Said al Said |
| Fahd bin Mahmoud al Said[1] | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Council of State (Majlis al-Dawla) | |
| Consultative Assembly (Majlis al-Shura) | |
| Establishment | |
• The Azd tribemigration
| 130 |
• Al-Julanda
| 629 |
| 751 | |
| 1145 | |
| 1624 | |
• House of Al Said
| 1744 |
| 8 January 1820 | |
| 9 June 1965 – 11 December 1975 | |
• Sultanate of Oman
| 9 August 1970 |
| 7 October 1971 | |
| 6 November 1996 | |
| Area | |
• Total
| 309,500 km2(119,500 sq mi) (70th) |
• Water (%)
| negligible |
| Population | |
• 2016 estimate
| 4,424,762[3] (125th) |
• 2010 census
| 2,773,479[4] |
• Density
| 15/km2 (38.8/sq mi) (214th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2017 estimate |
• Total
| $189.582 billion[5] |
• Per capita
| $46,475[5] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2017 estimate |
• Total
| $71.325 billion[5] |
• Per capita
| $17,485[5] |
| HDI (2015) |  0.796[6]high · 52nd |
| Currency | Rial (OMR) |
| Time zone | GST (UTC+4) |
| Drives on the | right |
| Calling code | +968 |
| ISO 3166 code | OM |
| Internet TLD | .om, عمان. |
Website
www.oman.om | |
Oman (/oʊˈmɑːn/ (
listen) oh-MAHN; Arabic: عمان ʻumān [ʕʊˈmaːn]), officially the Sultanate of Oman (Arabic: سلطنة عُمان Salṭanat ʻUmān), is an Arab country on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. Holding a strategically important position at the mouth of the Persian Gulf, the country shares land borders with the United Arab Emirates to the northwest, Saudi Arabia to the west, and Yemen to the southwest, and shares marine borders with Iran and Pakistan. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the southeast and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The Madha and Musandam exclaves are surrounded by the UAE on their land borders, with the Strait of Hormuz (which it shares with Iran) and Gulf of Oman forming Musandam's coastal boundaries.
listen) oh-MAHN; Arabic: عمان ʻumān [ʕʊˈmaːn]), officially the Sultanate of Oman (Arabic: سلطنة عُمان Salṭanat ʻUmān), is an Arab country on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. Holding a strategically important position at the mouth of the Persian Gulf, the country shares land borders with the United Arab Emirates to the northwest, Saudi Arabia to the west, and Yemen to the southwest, and shares marine borders with Iran and Pakistan. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the southeast and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The Madha and Musandam exclaves are surrounded by the UAE on their land borders, with the Strait of Hormuz (which it shares with Iran) and Gulf of Oman forming Musandam's coastal boundaries.
From the late 17th century, the Omani Sultanate was a powerful empire, vying with Portugal and Britain for influence in the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean. At its peak in the 19th century, Omani influence or control extended across the Strait of Hormuz to modern-day Iran and Pakistan, and as far south as Zanzibar.[7] As its power declined in the 20th century, the sultanate came under the influence of the United Kingdom. Historically, Muscat was the principal trading port of the Persian Gulf region. Muscat was also among the most important trading ports of the Indian Ocean. Oman's official religion is Islam.
Oman is an absolute monarchy.[8] The Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said has been the hereditary leader of the country since 1970.[8] Sultan Qaboos is the longest-serving current ruler in the Middle East,[9] and third-longest current reigning monarch in the world.
Oman is a member of the United Nations, the Arab League, the Gulf Cooperation Council, the Non-Aligned Movement and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. It has modest oil reserves, ranking 25th globally.[10][11] Nevertheless, in 2010 the UNDP ranked Oman as the most improved nation in the world in terms of development during the preceding 40 years.[12] A significant portion of its economy involves tourism and trade of fish, dates, and certain agricultural produce. This sets it apart from its neighbors' largely oil-dependent economies. Oman is categorized as a high-income economy and ranks as the 70th most peaceful country in the world according to the Global Peace Index.[13]