| Kingdom of Bahrain
مملكة البحرين (Arabic)
Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn | |
|---|---|
Anthem: نشيد البحرين الوطني
Bahrainona Our Bahrain | |
.svg)
Location of Bahrain (circled in red)
| |
_-_BHR_-_UNOCHA.svg) | |
| Capital and largest city | Manama 26°13′N 50°35′E |
| Official languages | Arabic |
| Ethnic groups(2010[1]) |
|
| Religion | Islam |
| Demonym | Bahraini |
| Government | Unitary constitutionalmonarchy |
• King
| Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa |
| Salman bin Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa | |
| Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Consultative Council | |
| Council of Representatives | |
| Independence | |
• Declared Independence[2]
| 14 August 1971 |
• from United Kingdom[1]
| 15 August 1971 |
| Area | |
• Total
| 765.3 km2 (295.5 sq mi) (173rd) |
• Water (%)
| negligible |
| Population | |
• 2016 estimate
| 1,425,171[3] (150th) |
• 2010 census
| 1,234,571[4] |
• Density
| 2,007.1/km2(5,198.4/sq mi) (7th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2017 estimate |
• Total
| $100.922 billion[5](96th) |
• Per capita
| $51,956[5] (13th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2017 estimate |
• Total
| $34.310 billion[5] (98th) |
• Per capita
| $25,494[5] (31st) |
| HDI (2015) |  0.824[6]very high · 47th |
| Currency | Bahraini dinar (BHD) |
| Time zone | AST (UTC+3) |
| Drives on the | right[a] |
| Calling code | +973 |
| ISO 3166 code | BH |
| Internet TLD | .bh |
Website
www.bahrain.bh | |
| |
Bahrain (/bɑːˈreɪn/ (
listen); Arabic: البحرين al-Baḥrayn IPA: [aɫ baħrajn] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain (Arabic: مملكة البحرين Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn), is an Arab constitutional monarchy in the Persian Gulf. It is an island country consisting of a small archipelago centered around Bahrain Island, situated between the Qatar peninsula and the north eastern coast of Saudi Arabia, to which it is connected by the 25-kilometre (16 mi) King Fahd Causeway. Bahrain's population is 1,234,571 (c. 2010), including 666,172 non-nationals.[8] It is 765.3 square kilometres (295.5 sq mi) in size, making it the third-smallest nation in Asia after the Maldives and Singapore.[9]
listen); Arabic: البحرين al-Baḥrayn IPA: [aɫ baħrajn] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain (Arabic: مملكة البحرين Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn), is an Arab constitutional monarchy in the Persian Gulf. It is an island country consisting of a small archipelago centered around Bahrain Island, situated between the Qatar peninsula and the north eastern coast of Saudi Arabia, to which it is connected by the 25-kilometre (16 mi) King Fahd Causeway. Bahrain's population is 1,234,571 (c. 2010), including 666,172 non-nationals.[8] It is 765.3 square kilometres (295.5 sq mi) in size, making it the third-smallest nation in Asia after the Maldives and Singapore.[9]
Bahrain is the site of the ancient Dilmun civilisation.[10] It has been famed since antiquity for its pearl fisheries, which were considered the best in the world into the 19th century.[11] Bahrain was one of the earliest areas to convert to Islam (ad 628). Following a period of Arab rule, Bahrain was occupied by the Portuguese in 1521, who in turn were expelled in 1602 by Shah Abbas I of the Safavid dynasty under the Persian Empire. In 1783, the Bani Utbah clan captured Bahrain from Nasr Al-Madhkur and it has since been ruled by the Al Khalifa royal family, with Ahmed al Fateh as Bahrain's first hakim. In the late 1800s, following successive treaties with the British, Bahrain became a protectorate of the United Kingdom. In 1971, Bahrain declared independence. Formerly an emirate, Bahrain was declared a Kingdom in 2002. In 2011, the country experienced protests inspired by the regional Arab Spring.[12]
Bahrain had the first post-oil economy in the Persian Gulf.[13] Since the late 20th century, Bahrain has invested in the banking and tourism sectors.[14] Many large financial institutions have a presence in Manama, the country's capital. Bahrain has a high Human Development Index and was recognised by the World Bank as a high-income economy.